Queer as folk: The gay scandal that shook the German Empire

How a scandal involving a general in a pink tutu and a gilded vase shattered the German Empire and hastened the monarchy’s collapse.

How a scandal involving a general in a pink tutu and a gilded vase shattered the German Empire and hastened the monarchy’s collapse. | Contesto: cronaca

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  • Queer as folk: The gay scandal that shook the German Empire

Contesto

A general collapsing in a pink tutu, a gilded porcelain vase, and Germany’s last emperor: these are the unlikely ingredients of the Eulenburg Affair, a scandal that shook the German Empire to its foundations and, historians now argue, paved the way for the monarchy’s downfall. The affair, which erupted in the early 1900s, centered on accusations of homosexuality among Kaiser Wilhelm II’s closest confidants, triggering a political and social crisis that exposed the fragility of the imperial court. At the heart of the scandal was Prince Philipp zu Eulenburg, a trusted friend and advisor to the Kaiser. Eulenburg was a member of the so-called “Liebenberg Circle,” a group of aristocrats and military men known for their intimate relationships and artistic sensibilities. In 1906, journalist Maximilian Harden published a series of articles accusing Eulenburg and others of homosexual conduct, which was illegal under Germany’s Paragraph 175. The allegations sparked a media frenzy and a series of high-profile trials that captivated the nation. The scandal took a bizarre turn when General Kuno von Moltke, a close associate of Eulenburg, reportedly suffered a heart attack while wearing a pink tutu during a private gathering. The image of a Prussian general in such attire became a symbol of the decadence and hypocrisy that critics said had infected the imperial court. A gilded porcelain vase, allegedly given by the Kaiser to Eulenburg, was cited as evidence of their close bond, further fueling public outrage. The affair had profound political implications. It deepened divisions within the German elite, weakened the Kaiser’s authority, and provided ammunition for socialists and liberals who condemned the monarchy as corrupt and out of touch. The trials dragged on for years, with Eulenburg eventually being convicted of perjury but not homosexuality. However, the damage was done: the scandal eroded public trust in the imperial system and contributed to the growing instability that would culminate in World War I and the abdication of the Kaiser in 1918. Historians note that the Eulenburg Affair was not merely a salacious footnote but a turning point in German history. It exposed...

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Categoria: cronaca